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HOT WATER RADIATOR.

No. 310,981. Patented Jan.20,1885

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(No Model.)

W. H. BROWN.

HOT WATER RADIATOR.

No. 810,981. Patented Jan. 20,1885.

WITNESSES UNirsn Sra'rns \VILLlrrlil ltl. BROYVX, OF

lNDlAXAPOLlS, II DIANA.

tiOTvVA i ER RADlATOR.

CATEUN forming part of Letters Application filcd Janu Patent No.310,981, dated January 20,1385.

my 31, 1882. (X0 model) To ttZZ whom, it 'nm cancer/t.-

Beit known that I, \VILLIAM H. BROWN, of the city of Indianapolis,county of Marion, and State of Indiana, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in l lot-Tihiterlleat- Radiating Stoves, of whichthe following is a specification.

The object of my said invention is to produce apparatus whereby watermaybe heated and the heat thus produced be radiated, prct'- crably bythe combustion of gas, in such manner as to replace ordinarysolid-i'uel-consuming stoves. This object is accomplished by providing acentral reservoir or generator of such construction as to fully utilizethe heat produced by the combustion of the gas consumed beneath it, aswell as to provide a free and continuous circulation of water throughall its parts; connecting to the two opposite sides of this centralreservoir a series of hollow corrugated metallic heating plates arrangedvertically side by side at uniform distances apart, the interior of eachhaving communication at the top and at the bottom with the interior ofthe central reservoir; attaching to the vertical sides of those hcatingplates a series of metallic wings, which are so closely connectedthereto as to be practically integral therewith; mounting a hollow glassglobe or vessel on top the radiator, and conncctin g the same withcentral reservoir; surroiniding the structure with a suitableinclosing-ease, and providing, in connection with the central reservoir,a heating apparatus, which preferably consists of a series of gas-j etsarranged to strike against the under side of said reservoir.

The obj cct maybe measurably accomplished by certain modifications orvariations of the devices just mentioned, and I therefore do not wish tobe understood as confining myself to such construction further than ashcreiim'fter specified and claimed.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, which are made a part hereof,and on which similar letters of reference indicate similar parts, Figure1 is a longitudinal vertical section on the dotted line 12 c,- Fig. 2, ahorizontal section looking downwardly from the dotted line w a,- Fig. 3,a transverse vertical section, looking to the left from the dotted lineat m,- Fig. t, a side elevation of the finished ra diator; and Fig. 5, adetail sectional view, on

an enlarged scale, of the heatingplatcs, wings, and a portion of thecentral reservoir, on the dotted line 3 y.

In said drawings, the portions marked A represent the central reservoiror generator; B, the gas burner, which, in the example shown, is aperforated tube; 0, a channel between the portions of the generator forthe passage of theproducts of combustion; D, achamher in which saidchannel terminates; E, a pipe leading from said chamber to the chimney;F, a preferably transparent vessel at the top, connected to thereservoir by the pipe f,- G, a cap which, when removed, permits water tobe introduced, and which is provided with a vent-hole, 9': ii, thewater-cavity in the reser voir, 7:, tubes passing horizontally throughthe larger parts thereof; 1, the corrugated heating-plates, thewater-spaces between which are connected to the central reservoirbysmall pipes t ii,- J, the vanes attached to said plates; K, the bottomframework or base of the radiu tor; L. the preferably transparent sideplates, and lit the perforated top resting thereon.

The central reservoir, A, is constructed of shectmetal corrugatedplates. The corruga tions extend lengtlnvisc the reservoir, orhorizontally across the whole device, and are so arranged that when theseveral plates are brought intoproximity to each other narrow serpentinespaces will be formed between them, some of which are intended to beentirely inclosed and contain water, and others to form passages,through which the products of combustion pass on their way to thechimney. The several water-chambers of this reservoir are connectedtogether at the top and bottom by the short pipes c.

The burner 13 is a gas-burner of any approved form for this purpose. Thejets of ilame therefrom first strike against the bottom plates of thecentral reservoir, A, then pass in the direction of the arrows up theserpentine passages between the several watcrchambers of said reservoirinto the chamber D, and finally through the pipe E to the chimney, andthus to the open air. On its passage through the serpentine ways O theflame is deflected against first one surface and then another until itshea-tingpower is practically exhausted, 01', in other words, until itsheatis nearly all. absorbed by the plates constituting the sides of thereservoir, and by them transferred to the water inside.-

The passages C are, as has been already described, serpentine ways,formed by the corrugations in the plates forming the sides of thewater-cavities in the central reservoir, for the passage of the productsof combustion from the gas-burners to the chamber D.

The chamber D is simply an enlarged termination of the ways 0, to allowthe products of combustion to all enter the pipe E in unison.

The globe or other vessel, F, is preferably of glass or othertransparent material, so that 'its contents may be seen from theoutside, and so that information as to the amount of water in thereservoir may be conveniently obtained, and the proper time to introducemore water therein thus determined. It has a funnet shaped inlet,through which the water is introduced, which is preferably provided witha screwcap, G, having an air-hole or vent, y. In filling the reservoirwater is poured in until it appears in the bottom of this globe, asshown in Fig. 1. The space left empty serves to accommodate thetemporary expansion of the water during the process of heating beforeany of it has evaporated or become otherwise wasted.

The water-spaces H, like the passages C, consist of interstices betweenthe sheet-metal plates composing the central reservoir, or between saidplates and the pipes it. As will be seen from the drawings, especiallyFig. 1, the whole construction of the reservoir is such as to give thewater a serpentine course in passage through these water-spaces,bringing it successively in contact with several heatin surfaces.

The heating-plates l. are formed of sheet metal, and have a series ofcorrugations formed therein, one of which extends about horizontallyalong the top edge of the plate, and one about horizontally along thebottom edge thereof, these being connected together by a series ofvertical corrugations arranged side by side along the entire length ofsaid plate. These plates thus formed constitute ahollow plate, which,internally considered, consists of two substantially horizontal tubes,one at the top and one at the bottom, and a series of vertical tubesconnecting them. Each of these double or hollow heating-plates has twoconnections to the central reservoirone, t, at the bottom, through whichthe water flows from said plates into the reservoir when the apparatusis in operation, and the other, t, at the top, through which the waterflows back into the hollow plates-it being understood that the action ofthe heat will drive the water continually into the plates from the topof the reservoir, necessarily causing it to flow back againintothereservoirat thebottom. The wings J are also of sheet metal, andare preferably triangular in horizontal cross-section, the base of thetriangle being curved to fit the convex side of the verticalcorrugations of the heating-plates, and the apex of the triangle beingslightly open. This construction may of course be varied to aconsiderable extent, two forms being illustrated in Fig. 2.

The entire radiator should be secured within an inelosing-caseconsisting of the base K, having the ordinary feet, It, preferably transparent sides L, and perforated top M. The air is thus caused to passfrom below up through the radiator, coming incontact with the severalheating plates and wings, and thereby becoming heated, and pass out intothe room through the perforations in the top. The sides L being of glassmakes the inclos ing-case much less expensive and much more easily keptclean than a case having metal sides would be. They also, by reason oftheir capacityto receive elaborate decoration in an inexpensive manner,render possible the production of a much more highlyornamental heatingapparatus than has heretofore been possible within the usual limit ofcost.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows: The screw-c1p G is removedand water is introduced into the radiator, which is tilled until thewater becomes visible in the glass globe at the top. The screwcap isthen re placed, and the burners at the base being lighted, the liamesthereof impinge against the inclined surface of the bottom of thecentral generator, from which they are deflected right and left towardthe narrow flame-passages G, into which they enter and pass upwardlythrough the same, following the undulations thereof, and linallydischarge at the top into the chamber 1), from which they escape by thepipe E into the chimney. XVhen the flames begin to act upon the inclinedsurface of the bottom of the generator, the contained water in thegenerator,becoming slightly warmed at that point, begins to rise in thewater-chamber, being continually exposed duringits passage to the top ofthe generator to the action of the. heat in the flamepassages, andfinally flows out laterally into the heatingplates through the passagest, where it flows horizontally through the upper horizontal tube of thesaid plates, and from which it descends through the vertical tubes intothe horizontal tube at the bottom of the heating-plates, along which itflows laterally toward and into the bottom of the generator through thepassage '1', when it is again exposed to the action of the heat in theflame-passages. Vhile this process is going on, increasing in rapidityas the heat increases, the colder water contained in the heating-platesis being driven into the bottom of the generator,where it is in turnexposed to the action of the heat, and this process thus continuouslymaintained will finally cause all the water contained in the apparatusto become highly heated. As the temperature of the contained water risesits heat is connnunicated to the vertical sides of the heating-plates,which in turn communicate their heat to the projecting metallic wingsattached to the sides thereof, and these, by giving up their heat to theair contained between them and with llO which they are in contact, willcause this air to rise and pass through the perforated top of theapparatus into the air of the apartmentin which the apparatus islocated, and this displacement of the air will cause the colder air inthe lower part of room to be drawn in at the bottom of the radiator andpass up between the heatingplatcs, being finely divided in its passageby the metallic wings, and being heated in its passage,it also isdischarged into the air of the apartment, and this process thuscontinuously maintained will finally cause all the air in the apartmentto become warmed to the desired temperature. The flow of gas beingregulated by a key, in the usual manner, enables the user to control thetemperature ofthe water in the radiator, and consequently thetemperature of the air in the apartment, at will.

By the use of my apparatus the labor, annoyance, and uncleanlinessattendant upon the use of the usual heavy and bulky solid l'uelsareavoided, andthe advantages oi'steamheat are attained without thecostly fitting up and expensive service usually required, thus adaptingit to use in small residences, private rooms, and offices.

Having thus fully described my said invention,what I claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The combination,in allot-water radiatorstove, of a central reservoirto which the heat is applied, provided with laterally-projectingcorrugated plates, forming hollow chambers,

' into which the heated water may flow from said reservoir by means ofconduits connecting said chambers to said reservoir at or near the top,and from which the cooler water will flow into said reservoir by meansof conduits connecting said plates and said reservoir at or near thebottom, the circulation being main tained by the action of the heat,substantially as set forth.

2. The combination of the central heating reservoir, A, havingwater-cavities H. and

watcr-receptacles, consisting, essentially, of

two substantially horizontal tubesconneetcd together by substantiallyvertical tubes.

4. The combination of the reservoir A, having flame-channels O and water-spaces H, with burner B,the wings I, and theinclosingcase,substantially as set forth.

5. In a heating apparatus, a reservoir or generator, A, constructed-ofcorrugated plates, as shown, which form serpentinepassages O for theproducts of combustion between similarly-forn'ied water-cavitiesI-I,substantially as set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal, atIndianapolis, Indiana, this Qlth day of January, A. D. 1882.

\VILLTAM H. BROXVN. [n s.]

' Vitnesses:

(l. Bnanrom), (Tr ms. L. Tnumnm.

